CRITICALITY
Self-Organised Sand · No. 61

Grains
that
topple.

An Abelian sandpile, running live.
Threshold four. Boundaries fall away.

Every cell holds grains. Reach four and it topples, handing one grain to each neighbour — which may topple in turn. One grain too many and a single cell sets off an avalanche that repaints half the field.

Perturb the pile
steady

Click anywhere on the field to place a grain.

Telemetry
Grains dropped0
Last avalanche0
Largest avalanche0
Cells at threshold0
Avalanche sizes (log)
reaching criticality
0 empty
1
2
3 full
toppling

Grains that topple off the edge are lost — that sink is what lets the pile balance itself.

Nobody tunes it. The pile finds the edge and stays there.

01 / THE RULE

Four, then fall

A cell topples the instant it holds four grains. It sheds four — one to north, south, east, west — and its neighbours inherit the load. The order of toppling never changes the outcome; that is the Abelian in Abelian sandpile.

02 / THE CASCADE

Avalanches of every size

Drip grains at random and the field organises itself. Most drops do nothing. A few trigger cascades that cross the whole plane. Plot the sizes and they trace a power law — the fingerprint of criticality, with no dial set to make it happen.

03 / THE IDENTITY

A fractal that is zero

Among all stable piles lives one that behaves like nothing — add it to any configuration and leave that configuration unchanged. Rendered, this identity element is an intricate self-similar fractal. Press Identity fractal to let a real avalanche paint it.