Zhabotinsky

Belousov–Zhabotinsky · Excitable Medium

A reaction that keeps its own time

In 1951 Boris Belousov watched a beaker refuse to settle — oxidising blue, reducing red, blue again, on a clock no one wound. This is that reaction, alive in a shader: spiral and target waves rotating forever, each one seeded by your touch.

Touch the field to seed a spiral core
01

Three states, one rhythmWhat every cell of the medium is doing, right now

Reduced · rest

Ready to fire

The reduced red ground. Reagent sitting below threshold, ferroin waiting. Nothing moves — but the smallest push tips it over.

Oxidised · excited

The blue front

Cross the threshold and the cell oxidises — snaps blue and shoves its neighbours over the edge too. That hand-off, cell to cell, is a travelling wave.

Refractory · recovering

Spent, then patient

Behind the front, each cell is refractory — it cannot fire again until the slow variable relaxes. That lag is why fronts travel outward and never bounce back.

02

The clock has no handsConcentration at one point of the dish, sampled live

It never settles. That is not a fault in the chemistry — it is the chemistry.

An equilibrium reaction fades to a single colour and stops. This one can't: the product of one step is the fuel of the next, so it overshoots, corrects, overshoots again — a feedback loop wound into a clock. The trace to the right is the real oxidation level at the centre of the dish above, read straight off the simulation each frame. Every rise is a blue front sweeping through; every fall is the red recovery behind it.

Ox. level · centre probe
−90 s → nowmeasured period
03

Read the fieldFour colours, one chemical story

Reagent dark
#160A12
The unlit medium at rest, deep in reduction. The dark the waves are written on.
Reduced red
#D63A3A
Ferroin — the recovering wake behind every front, cooling back toward rest.
Oxidation blue
#3A7BD8
Ferriin — the leading edge, excited and racing. Where the reaction is loudest.
Rim highlight
#E8D0C0
The bright crest at the very front — a thin line of steepest change, marking the wave's tip.